Vincent du Vigneaud - Scientists, Timeline and Personal Life
Vincent du Vigneaud's Personal Details
Vincent du Vigneaud was an American biochemist who was awarded ‘Nobel Prize in Chemistry’ in 1955
| Information | Detail |
|---|---|
| Birthday | May 18, 1901 |
| Died on | December 11, 1978 |
| Nationality | American |
| Famous | University Of Illinois, Scientists, Biochemists |
| Spouses | Zella Zon |
| Childrens | Jr., Marilyn Renee Brown, Vincent |
| Universities |
|
| Notable Alumnis |
|
| Birth Place | Chicago, Illinois, USA |
| Gender | Male |
| Father | Alfred J. du Vigneaud |
| Mother | Mary Theresa |
| Sun Sign | Taurus |
| Born in | Chicago, Illinois, USA |
| Famous as | Biochemist |
| Died at Age | 77 |
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Vincent du Vigneaud's photo
Who is Vincent du Vigneaud?
Vincent du Vigneaud was an American biochemist who was awarded ‘Nobel Prize in Chemistry’ in 1955 for isolating and synthesizing two hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin, both of which are classically considered to be associated with the posterior pituitary. While the former acts as a prime agent in effecting uterine contractions and lactation, the latter arouses blood pressure by contraction of arterioles and also stimulates water retention. The chemical structure of the two hormones were also analysed by him and his team. He was the first in the field to synthesize a protein hormone that is oxytocin. He also achieved path-breaking success by synthesizing penicillin. His other scientific endeavours included identifying the chemical structure of the peptide hormone insulin and the sulfur-bearing biotin. Throughout his career he held several significant positions. He remained Head of the Biochemistry Department of the George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. He served the Cornell University Medical College, New York City for almost three decades and held positions of Professor and Head of the Department of Biochemistry. He also served ‘Cornell University’ in Ithaca, New York as a Professor of Chemistry. Apart from the ‘Nobel Prize’ he received several other awards and medals including ‘Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research’ from the ‘American Public Health Association’ in 1948 and the ‘Passano Award’ from the ‘Passano Foundation’ in 1955.
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Childhood & Early Life
He was born on May 18, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois, to Alfred J. du Vigneaud and his wife, Mary Theresa. His father was an inventor and a machine designer.
In 1918 he completed his high school education from ‘Carl Schurz High School’ in Chicago, Illinois.
He studied at the ‘University of Illinois’ under the guidance of Professor C.S. Marvel and completed his BS in Chemistry in 1923 followed by MS in Chemistry in 1924.
Sometime during 1924 to 1925 he remained a scholar at the ‘University of Pennsylvania’.
In 1925, Vigneaud enrolled at the ‘University of Rochester’ to pursue his postgraduate doctorate studies and began his work under the guidance of Professor John R. Murlin. He earned his Ph.D in Biochemistry in 1927 submitting his thesis titled ‘The Sulfur in Insulin’ that showed cystine as the source of disulfide in the peptide hormone insulin.
In 1927 he commenced his post doctoral research on insulin along with distinguished American biochemist and pharmacologist John J. Abel at the ‘John Hopkins University’ in Baltimore. He demonstrated insulin as a protein, thus validating that proteins could be hormones.
During 1928 to 1929 he visited Europe as a ‘National Research Council Fellow’ and joined the ‘Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Leather Research’ in Dresden, Germany, where he continued with his post doctoral studies along with Jewish-German biochemist Max Bergmann.
Thereafter he remained a scholar at the ‘University College London’ and at the ‘University of Edinburgh’.
Career
He returned to Illinois in 1929 and joined the ‘University of Illinois’ at Urbana-Champaign as a teacher of Physiological Chemistry, a position he held till 1932. While serving at the University, in 1930 he joined the professional fraternity ‘Alpha Chi Sigma’ (ΑΧΣ), which specializes in the field of chemistry.
Thereafter he served the ‘George Washington University Medical School’ from 1932 to 1938 as a Professor of Biochemistry as well as the Chairman of the department.
He then moved to New York City where he was appointed by ‘Cornell University Medical College’ as Professor and Head of the Biochemistry Department in 1938. He served the university for almost three decades until 1967.
It is in the ‘Cornell University Medical College’ that he conducted many of his important research works, mostly focussing on the sulphur-containing compounds of biochemical significance, including his ‘Nobel Prize winning research on oxytocin and vasopressin. He also earned reputation for his work on biotin, insulin, penicillin and transmethylation.
Sometime in the late 1930s, the chemical structure of the peptide hormone insulin was ascertained by him along with his team at Cornell.
In 1940 Vigneaud along with his collaborators discovered that coenzyme R and vitamin H are identical to the sulfur-bearing vitamin biotin, the structure of which was determined by them in 1941.
During the 1940s he worked and became successful in isolating and analysing the chemical structures of two of the neurohormones namely oxytocin and vasopressin that are considered to be associated with the posterior pituitary. Later in 1953 he achieved another success by becoming the first person to synthesize a protein hormone, oxytocin. In 1954 he was able to synthesize another hormone, vasopressin.
Another path-breaking success was achieved by him and his collaborators in 1946 when they synthesized penicillin.
In 1951 he became the President of the ‘American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology’.
He authored a book on oxytocin and vasopressin titled ‘A Trail of Research in Sulphur Chemistry and Metabolism and Related Field’, which was published by the ‘Cornell University Press’ in 1952.
In 1955 he was conferred honorary doctorates by the ‘New York University’ and the ‘Yale University’. Later in 1960 this honor was bestowed upon him by the ‘University of Illinois’.
Post his retirement from ‘Cornell University Medical College’ he remained Professor of Chemistry at the ‘Cornell University’ in Ithaca, New York from 1967 to 1975.
He remained member of several Societies including the ‘American Philosophical Society’ (1944) and the ‘National Academy of Sciences’ (1944). He also served as a Foreign Member of the ‘Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala’ (1950), the ‘Royal Society of Edinburgh’ (1955) and the ‘Royal Institution of Great Britain’ (1959).
Vigneaud also served as a member of the Board of Trustees of the ‘National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases’ and the ‘Rockefeller Institute’.
Awards & Achievements
He was the recipient of the ‘Nobel Prize in Chemistry’ in 1955.
Personal Life & Legacy
On June 12, 1924, he married Zella Zon Ford, a chemistry teacher.
Their son Vincent, Jr. was born in 1933 and daughter Marilyn Renee Brown was born in 1935. Both their children went on to become physicians.
He suffered a stroke in 1974 that ended his academic career.
On December 11, 1978, he passed away in New York, USA at the age of 77.
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Vincent du Vigneaud's awards
| Year | Name | Award |
|---|---|---|
Other | ||
| 0 | Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (1948) | |
| 0 | Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1955) | |
| 0 | Willard Gibbs Award (1956) | |
Vincent du Vigneaud biography timelines
- // 18th May 1901He was born on May 18, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois, to Alfred J. du Vigneaud and his wife, Mary Theresa. His father was an inventor and a machine designer.
- // 1918In 1918 he completed his high school education from ‘Carl Schurz High School’ in Chicago, Illinois.
- // 1923 To 1924He studied at the ‘University of Illinois’ under the guidance of Professor C.S. Marvel and completed his BS in Chemistry in 1923 followed by MS in Chemistry in 1924.
- // 1924 To 1925Sometime during 1924 to 1925 he remained a scholar at the ‘University of Pennsylvania’.
- // 12th Jun 1924On June 12, 1924, he married Zella Zon Ford, a chemistry teacher.
- // 1925 To 1927In 1925, Vigneaud enrolled at the ‘University of Rochester’ to pursue his postgraduate doctorate studies and began his work under the guidance of Professor John R. Murlin. He earned his Ph.D in Biochemistry in 1927 submitting his thesis titled ‘The Sulfur in Insulin’ that showed cystine as the source of disulfide in the peptide hormone insulin.
- // 1927In 1927 he commenced his post doctoral research on insulin along with distinguished American biochemist and pharmacologist John J. Abel at the ‘John Hopkins University’ in Baltimore. He demonstrated insulin as a protein, thus validating that proteins could be hormones.
- // 1928 To 1929During 1928 to 1929 he visited Europe as a ‘National Research Council Fellow’ and joined the ‘Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Leather Research’ in Dresden, Germany, where he continued with his post doctoral studies along with Jewish-German biochemist Max Bergmann.
- // 1932 To 1938Thereafter he served the ‘George Washington University Medical School’ from 1932 to 1938 as a Professor of Biochemistry as well as the Chairman of the department.
- // 1933 To 1935Their son Vincent, Jr. was born in 1933 and daughter Marilyn Renee Brown was born in 1935. Both their children went on to become physicians.
- // 1938 To 1967He then moved to New York City where he was appointed by ‘Cornell University Medical College’ as Professor and Head of the Biochemistry Department in 1938. He served the university for almost three decades until 1967.
- // 1940 To 1941In 1940 Vigneaud along with his collaborators discovered that coenzyme R and vitamin H are identical to the sulfur-bearing vitamin biotin, the structure of which was determined by them in 1941.
- // 1946Another path-breaking success was achieved by him and his collaborators in 1946 when they synthesized penicillin.
- // 1951In 1951 he became the President of the ‘American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology’.
- // 1952He authored a book on oxytocin and vasopressin titled ‘A Trail of Research in Sulphur Chemistry and Metabolism and Related Field’, which was published by the ‘Cornell University Press’ in 1952.
- // 1953 To 1954During the 1940s he worked and became successful in isolating and analysing the chemical structures of two of the neurohormones namely oxytocin and vasopressin that are considered to be associated with the posterior pituitary. Later in 1953 he achieved another success by becoming the first person to synthesize a protein hormone, oxytocin. In 1954 he was able to synthesize another hormone, vasopressin.
- // 1955 To 1960In 1955 he was conferred honorary doctorates by the ‘New York University’ and the ‘Yale University’. Later in 1960 this honor was bestowed upon him by the ‘University of Illinois’.
- // 1955He was the recipient of the ‘Nobel Prize in Chemistry’ in 1955.
- // 1967 To 1975Post his retirement from ‘Cornell University Medical College’ he remained Professor of Chemistry at the ‘Cornell University’ in Ithaca, New York from 1967 to 1975.
- // 1974He suffered a stroke in 1974 that ended his academic career.
- // 11th Dec 1978On December 11, 1978, he passed away in New York, USA at the age of 77.
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Vincent du Vigneaud's FAQ
What is Vincent du Vigneaud birthday?
Vincent du Vigneaud was born at 1901-05-18
When was Vincent du Vigneaud died?
Vincent du Vigneaud was died at 1978-12-11
Where was Vincent du Vigneaud died?
Vincent du Vigneaud was died in Ithaca, New York, USA
Which age was Vincent du Vigneaud died?
Vincent du Vigneaud was died at age 77
Where is Vincent du Vigneaud's birth place?
Vincent du Vigneaud was born in Chicago, Illinois, USA
What is Vincent du Vigneaud nationalities?
Vincent du Vigneaud's nationalities is American
Who is Vincent du Vigneaud spouses?
Vincent du Vigneaud's spouses is Zella Zon
Who is Vincent du Vigneaud childrens?
Vincent du Vigneaud's childrens is Jr., Marilyn Renee Brown, Vincent
What was Vincent du Vigneaud universities?
Vincent du Vigneaud studied at University Of Illinois, University of Rochester
What was Vincent du Vigneaud notable alumnis?
Vincent du Vigneaud's notable alumnis is University Of Illinois
Who is Vincent du Vigneaud's father?
Vincent du Vigneaud's father is Alfred J. du Vigneaud
Who is Vincent du Vigneaud's mother?
Vincent du Vigneaud's mother is Mary Theresa
What is Vincent du Vigneaud's sun sign?
Vincent du Vigneaud is Taurus
How famous is Vincent du Vigneaud?
Vincent du Vigneaud is famouse as Biochemist