Montesquieu

Montesquieu - Intellectuals & Academics, Birthday and Childhood

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Montesquieu's Personal Details

Baron de Montesquieu was a French lawyer, writer, and political philosopher

InformationDetail
BirthdayJanuary 18, 1689
Died onFebruary 10, 1755
NationalityFrench
FamousIntellectuals & Academics, Philosophers
SpousesJeanne de Lartigue
Known asCharles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu
Universities
  • Académie française (1728)
  • College of Juilly
Birth PlaceChâteau de la Brède, La Brède, Aquitaine, France
GenderMale
FatherJacques de Secondat
MotherMarie Françoise de Pesnel
Sun SignCapricorn
Born inChâteau de la Brède, La Brède, Aquitaine, France
Famous asPhilosopher
Died at Age66

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Montesquieu's photo

Who is Montesquieu?

Baron de Montesquieu was a French author, political commentator, philosopher, jurist and social commentator. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of the late 17th and 18th centuries, whose political ideologies have influenced people all over the world. One of his most important works ‘The Spirit of the Laws' inspired the shaping of the U.S constitution and the English government. His theory on the ‘separation of powers’ has influenced the formulation of many constitutions across the world. He was one of the first scholars to emerge during the Age of Enlightenment, a cultural movement in the 18th century that stressed on reasoning. Some of his other publications include, ‘Persian Letters', ‘Defense de L’Esprit des Lois ', ‘Dialogue de Sylla et d'Eucrate', 'Le Temple de Gnide ' and 'Reflexionssur la MonarchieUniverselle'. He has influenced a wide range of people including Scottish philosopher, David Hume, English-American political activist, Thomas Paine, French political thinker, Alexis de Tocqueville and political theorist Hannah Arendt, among many others. He encouraged political freedom of thought and expression.

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Childhood & Early Life

Baron de Montesquieu was born in Aquitaine, France into a well to do family. His father Jacques de Secondat had a long noble ancestry and was a soldier. His mother, Marie Fran�oise de Pesnel died when he was seven.

He studied at the Catholic College of Juilly, a well-known school for Children belonging to the French nobility. After his father died in 1713, he went under the care of his uncle Baron de Montesquieu.

He studied literature, sciences and received classical education. He later went to attend the University of Bordeaux, where he pursued his studies in law. After his graduation, he worked in Paris.

After the death of his uncle, Baron, he became the heir to the latter’s fortune and earned his legal title as well. He was also bestowed with the office of President � Mortier in the Bordeaux Parliament.

Career

In 1714, he was appointed as a councillor in the Bordeaux Parliament. He later went on to become the deputy president of the Bordeaux Parliament. By this time he had established a social status for himself and was a wealthy man.

In 1721, he came out with his book titled, ‘Persian Letters', which was a political satire and social satire in the French context. The book earned him immense critical acclaim.

While he was in Paris, he represented the Parliament and the Academy of Bordeaux. During this phase of his life, he went on to publish some of his minor works.

In 1724, he published his work titled, ‘Dialogue de Sylla et d'Eucrate' and 'Reflexionssur la MonarchieUniverselle ' The following year, he came out with 'Le Temple de Gnide '.

By 1725, he had lost interest in his political career and life in the Parliament. The same year, he resigned from the Parliament and left France to travel out of the country.

He travelled to various parts of Germany, Italy and Austria and later went to England, where he spent the next two years. During his stay in England, he was very impressed with the political system there.

In 1731, he came back to France from England and began to work on the manuscript of his political book, ‘The Spirit of the Laws', for which he drew inspiration from the English political system, which he observed while in England.

In 1734, he published his work titled, ‘Considerations on the Causes of the Grandeur and Decadence of the Romans'. This work is believed to have been published anonymously in Holland.

In 1748, his book on political theory titled, ‘The Spirit of the Laws' was published in France. This book was published anonymously due to certain censorship issues on his work.

In 1750, he came out with his work titled, ‘D�fense de L’Esprit des Lois ', which was a defence written with reference to his previously published work, ‘The Spirit of the Laws'.

In the 1751, his book, ‘The Spirit of the Laws' created controversy after the Roman Catholic Church included it in the ‘Index of Forbidden Books’.

Before he died, he left behind an unfinished draft of his work ‘Encyclopedie of Diderot and D'Alembert’.

Major Works

His book, ‘The Spirit of the Laws' is regarded as one his most influential, ground-breaking works in the genre of political theory. This book had influenced the U.S constitution.

Personal Life & Legacy

In 1715, he married Jeanne de Lartigue. The couple had three children together.

He died at the age of 66 due to severe fever in Paris.

A collection of his notebook entries from 1720 until his death in 1755 was published in a book form titled, ‘Mes Pensees’, translated as ‘My Thoughts’ in English. The English version was translated by Henry C. Clark.

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Montesquieu biography timelines

  • // 18th Jan 1689
    Baron de Montesquieu was born in Aquitaine, France into a well to do family. His father Jacques de Secondat had a long noble ancestry and was a soldier. His mother, Marie Fran�oise de Pesnel died when he was seven.
  • // 1713
    He studied at the Catholic College of Juilly, a well-known school for Children belonging to the French nobility. After his father died in 1713, he went under the care of his uncle Baron de Montesquieu.
  • // 1714
    In 1714, he was appointed as a councillor in the Bordeaux Parliament. He later went on to become the deputy president of the Bordeaux Parliament. By this time he had established a social status for himself and was a wealthy man.
  • // 1715
    In 1715, he married Jeanne de Lartigue. The couple had three children together.
  • // 1720 To 1755
    A collection of his notebook entries from 1720 until his death in 1755 was published in a book form titled, ‘Mes Pensees’, translated as ‘My Thoughts’ in English. The English version was translated by Henry C. Clark.
  • // 1721
    In 1721, he came out with his book titled, ‘Persian Letters', which was a political satire and social satire in the French context. The book earned him immense critical acclaim.
  • // 1724
    In 1724, he published his work titled, ‘Dialogue de Sylla et d'Eucrate' and 'Reflexionssur la MonarchieUniverselle ' The following year, he came out with 'Le Temple de Gnide '.
  • // 1725
    By 1725, he had lost interest in his political career and life in the Parliament. The same year, he resigned from the Parliament and left France to travel out of the country.
  • // 1731
    In 1731, he came back to France from England and began to work on the manuscript of his political book, ‘The Spirit of the Laws', for which he drew inspiration from the English political system, which he observed while in England.
  • // 1734
    In 1734, he published his work titled, ‘Considerations on the Causes of the Grandeur and Decadence of the Romans'. This work is believed to have been published anonymously in Holland.
  • // 1748
    In 1748, his book on political theory titled, ‘The Spirit of the Laws' was published in France. This book was published anonymously due to certain censorship issues on his work.
  • // 1750
    In 1750, he came out with his work titled, ‘D�fense de L’Esprit des Lois ', which was a defence written with reference to his previously published work, ‘The Spirit of the Laws'.
  • // 1751
    In the 1751, his book, ‘The Spirit of the Laws' created controversy after the Roman Catholic Church included it in the ‘Index of Forbidden Books’.
  • // 10th Feb 1755
    He died at the age of 66 due to severe fever in Paris.

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Montesquieu's FAQ

  • What is Montesquieu birthday?

    Montesquieu was born at 1689-01-18

  • When was Montesquieu died?

    Montesquieu was died at 1755-02-10

  • Where was Montesquieu died?

    Montesquieu was died in Paris

  • Which age was Montesquieu died?

    Montesquieu was died at age 66

  • Where is Montesquieu's birth place?

    Montesquieu was born in Château de la Brède, La Brède, Aquitaine, France

  • What is Montesquieu nationalities?

    Montesquieu's nationalities is French

  • Who is Montesquieu spouses?

    Montesquieu's spouses is Jeanne de Lartigue

  • What was Montesquieu universities?

    Montesquieu studied at Académie française (1728), College of Juilly

  • Who is Montesquieu's father?

    Montesquieu's father is Jacques de Secondat

  • Who is Montesquieu's mother?

    Montesquieu's mother is Marie Françoise de Pesnel

  • What is Montesquieu's sun sign?

    Montesquieu is Capricorn

  • How famous is Montesquieu?

    Montesquieu is famouse as Philosopher