Marie Antoinette - Empresses, Timeline and Childhood
Marie Antoinette's Personal Details
Marie Antoinette was the Queen of France and Navarre from 1774 to 1792
| Information | Detail |
|---|---|
| Birthday | November 2, 1755 |
| Died on | October 16, 1793 |
| Nationality | Austrian, French |
| Famous | Historical Personalities, Empresses & Queens, Leaders, Empresses, Queens |
| Spouses | Louis XVI of France |
| Siblings | Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Archduchess Maria Anna, Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria, Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela of Austria, Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria, Archduke Charles Joseph of Austria, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este, Archduke Maximilian Franz of Austria, Duchess of Teschen, Duke of Breisgau, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II, Leopold II, Maria Carolina of Austria, Maria Christina |
| Known as | Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna |
| Childrens | Dauphin of France, Louis Joseph, Louis XVII of France, Marie Thérèse of France, Princess Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France |
| Cause of death |
|
| Birth Place | Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria |
| Born Country | Austria |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
| Height | 168 |
| Gender | Female |
| Father | Francis I |
| Mother | Maria Theresa |
| Sun Sign | Scorpio |
| Born in | Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria |
| Died at Age | 37 |
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Marie Antoinette's photo
Who is Marie Antoinette?
Marie Antoinette was the Queen of France and Navarre from 1774 to 1792. She is considered a major historic figure and is said to have been the biggest force in provoking the French Revolution. Born as the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa, she was married to Louis-Auguste who ascended the throne as Louis XVI of France in 1774. Marie, who became the Dauphine of France upon her marriage was conferred the title of Queen of France and Navarre when her husband became the king. When she was newly married into the royal household, the French people adored her for her beauty and charms. However the general public sentiments towards her began to change when she was suspected of harboring sympathies for France’s enemies and for her utter lack of concern for the common people’s welfare. The public’s outrage at the queen increased at her extravagance and ignorance which ultimately led to the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789. The French common public was demanding that the monarchy be brought down and that the unpopular king and his equally hated wife be brought to Paris for trial. After monarchy was overthrown, both the king and the queen were sentenced to death and executed at the guillotine within months after each other.
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Childhood & Early Life
She was born as Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna in Austria as the 15th child of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa.
As an 18th century aristocratic girl she was trained in dance, music and appearance. She was taught Italian, French and German, the languages the imperial family was fluent in. She was also tutored in music and could play the harpsichord, spinet and clavichord. She was a skilled dancer in her youth and was appreciated for her grace.
Later Years
‘The Seven Years’ War involving most of the great powers of Europe ended in 1763, and the relations between Austria and France were fragile at that time. The Austrian Empress Maria Theresa proposed a matrimonial alliance between her daughter Marie Antoinette and Louis Auguste, the heir to the French throne, in order to cement relations between the two nations.
The couple was married in a lavish wedding ceremony on 16th May 1770 as more than 5,000 guests watched. Both the bride and the groom were just teenagers at the time of their wedding. Though it was customary for the royal couples to consummate their marriage on the wedding night itself, the couple did not consummate their wedding for the next seven years.
Marie Antoinette was given the title of Dauphine of France upon her marriage. Initially she was much loved by the French public for youthful charms. She was delicately built, with fair skin, blonde hair and beautiful eyes, and captivated the people with her angelic beauty.
The King Louis XV passed away in 1774 and Louis Auguste succeeded him to the French throne as Louis XVI. The king and the queen had a difficult relationship and personality clashes were frequent. In order to distract herself from her troublesome marriage the queen indulged herself in partying and gambling.
Due to marital discord she had several affairs for which she was scorned upon. She was also a lavish spender and did not control her extravagances even when France was going through a period of financial turmoil.
The French public, which once adored her was now unrestricted in their display of hatred towards her. She was nicknamed ‘Madame Deficit’ and pamphlets accusing the queen of adultery, ignorance and extravagance were printed and circulated.
An incident in 1785 tarnished her imaged forever. A thief disguised as the queen obtained an expensive diamond necklace and smuggled it to London. Although the real queen was innocent, the public viewed her as guilty.
The worsening living conditions of the common people in France convinced them that the monarchy was responsible for their problems. Revolts were held throughout the country demanding that the monarchy be brought down.
July 14, 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution. Public emotions ran high as thousands demanded that the king and queen be brought to Paris. The incompetent king became seized with terror while the queen made futile attempts to save the monarchy.
The French monarchy was abolished by the National Convention in 1792 and the royal couple was arrested. Louis was tried by the Convention which found him guilty and sentenced him to death. He was executed at the guillotine on 21 January 1793.
Marie Antoinette was also tried for several charges including theft and treason. She was also wrongly accused of sexually abusing her own son. She too was sentenced to death and was executed at the guillotine on 16 October, 1793.
Personal Life & Legacy
She was married to Louis Auguste, the heir to the French throne in 1770 when she was just 14 years old. The marriage was not a happy one. She was rumored to have taken many lovers to compensate for her unsatisfactory married life. She had four children—their parentage was a topic of debate.
After the fall of monarchy in France, she was tried on several charges and found guilty. She was sentenced to death and was beheaded on 16 October 1793 when she was 38 years old.
Trivia
Marie Antoinette was the woman who played the biggest role in instigating the French Revolution. She was the last queen of France who though initially liked by her subjects fell to disgrace with her lavish spending and extravagance. She was famously cited as asking the people to eat cake when informed about the shortage of bread.
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Marie Antoinette biography timelines
- // 2nd Nov 1755She was born as Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna in Austria as the 15th child of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa.
- // 16th May 1770The couple was married in a lavish wedding ceremony on 16th May 1770 as more than 5,000 guests watched. Both the bride and the groom were just teenagers at the time of their wedding. Though it was customary for the royal couples to consummate their marriage on the wedding night itself, the couple did not consummate their wedding for the next seven years.
- // 1774The King Louis XV passed away in 1774 and Louis Auguste succeeded him to the French throne as Louis XVI. The king and the queen had a difficult relationship and personality clashes were frequent. In order to distract herself from her troublesome marriage the queen indulged herself in partying and gambling.
- // 1785An incident in 1785 tarnished her imaged forever. A thief disguised as the queen obtained an expensive diamond necklace and smuggled it to London. Although the real queen was innocent, the public viewed her as guilty.
- // 14th Jul 1789July 14, 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution. Public emotions ran high as thousands demanded that the king and queen be brought to Paris. The incompetent king became seized with terror while the queen made futile attempts to save the monarchy.
- // 1792The French monarchy was abolished by the National Convention in 1792 and the royal couple was arrested. Louis was tried by the Convention which found him guilty and sentenced him to death. He was executed at the guillotine on 21 January 1793.
- // 16th Oct 1793Marie Antoinette was also tried for several charges including theft and treason. She was also wrongly accused of sexually abusing her own son. She too was sentenced to death and was executed at the guillotine on 16 October, 1793.
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Marie Antoinette's FAQ
What is Marie Antoinette birthday?
Marie Antoinette was born at 1755-11-02
When was Marie Antoinette died?
Marie Antoinette was died at 1793-10-16
Where was Marie Antoinette died?
Marie Antoinette was died in Place de la Révolution, Paris, France
Which age was Marie Antoinette died?
Marie Antoinette was died at age 37
Where is Marie Antoinette's birth place?
Marie Antoinette was born in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria
What is Marie Antoinette nationalities?
Marie Antoinette's nationalities is Austrian, French
Who is Marie Antoinette spouses?
Marie Antoinette's spouses is Louis XVI of France
Who is Marie Antoinette siblings?
Marie Antoinette's siblings is Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Archduchess Maria Anna, Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria, Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela of Austria, Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria, Archduke Charles Joseph of Austria, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este, Archduke Maximilian Franz of Austria, Duchess of Teschen, Duke of Breisgau, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II, Leopold II, Maria Carolina of Austria, Maria Christina
Who is Marie Antoinette childrens?
Marie Antoinette's childrens is Dauphin of France, Louis Joseph, Louis XVII of France, Marie Thérèse of France, Princess Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France
What is Marie Antoinette's cause of dead?
Marie Antoinette dead because of Execution
What is Marie Antoinette's religion?
Marie Antoinette's religion is Roman Catholic
How tall is Marie Antoinette?
Marie Antoinette's height is 168
Who is Marie Antoinette's father?
Marie Antoinette's father is Francis I
Who is Marie Antoinette's mother?
Marie Antoinette's mother is Maria Theresa
What is Marie Antoinette's sun sign?
Marie Antoinette is Scorpio