Walter Gilbert is an American biochemist and physicist who won a share of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980
@Biochemists, Birthday and Childhood
Walter Gilbert is an American biochemist and physicist who won a share of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980
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He has been married to Celia Stone since 1953 and has two children.
Walter Gilbert was born on March 21, 1932, in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. His father, Richard V. Gilbert, was an economist who later worked for the Office of Price Administration during the Second World War.
As a young boy he became a member of a minerological society and an astronomical society and it was while studying at the Sidwell Friends high school that he became interested in inorganic chemistry and nuclear physics.
He proceeded to the Harvard University for undergraduate and graduate studies and earned his bachelor’s degree in chemistry and physics in 1953 and a master’s degree in physics in 1954. He joined the University of Cambridge for his doctorate and completed his Ph.D. in Physics, supervised by the Nobel laureate Abdus Salam, in 1957 .
Walter Gilbert returned to Harvard and joined the faculty as a lecturer in physics in 1958 and was promoted to assistant professor of physics in 1959. Over the ensuing years he taught a wide range of courses in theoretical physics and worked with graduate students on problems in theory.
During this period Gilbert’s wife began working for James Watson, a prominent molecular biologist, and Gilbert himself became interested in molecular biology. He too began working alongside Watson and the two men ran their laboratory jointly for several years.
In 1964 Gilbert became associate professor of biophysics and promoted again in 1968 to professor of biochemistry. In 1974, he became American Cancer Society Professor of Molecular Biology at Harvard.
During the late 1960s he successfully demonstrated the existence of a repressor in the bacterium Escherichia coli that prevents a gene from manufacturing a certain enzyme except when lactose is present.
He performed vital research on RNA and DNA to develop a technique of using gel electrophoresis to read the nucleotide sequences of DNA segments. In collaboration with Allan Maxam, Gilbert also developed a new DNA sequencing method.
Walter Gilbert played a major role in the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids. Working along with Allan Maxam, Gilbert developed a new DNA sequencing method using chemical methods developed by Andrei Mirzabekov. He also developed a technique of using gel electrophoresis to read the nucleotide sequences of DNA segments.