Jack Ruby

Ruby never married and had no children at the time of his death in 1967.

He primarily became infamous for shooting Lee Harvey Oswald on November 24, 1963 in Dallas. Oswald, in turn, was suspected of shooting sitting President John F. Kennedy as he drove through downtown Dallas in an open motorcade with his wife Jacqueline Kennedy on November 22, 1963. As the motorcade neared the building where Oswald (an ex-Marine with ties to the Soviet Union) had been employed for a month, he apparently released three bullets in an assassination that has continued to fuel speculation in the 55 years since. Kennedy died soon afterwards, and Oswald was apprehended after shooting a police officer who questioned him.

On the 22nd, Ruby was proven to be a mere five blocks away at the offices of a newspaper when the president was shot. Later, after Oswald was arraigned, he was seen several times at Dallas Police headquarters where he allegedly impersonated a reporter.

Ruby was born Jacob Leon Rubeinstein in Chicago’s Lawndale District on March 25, 1911 to Joseph Rubenstein and Fannie Rokowsky, both Jewish immigrants from Poland. He was the fifth of 10 children and by all accounts had a very unhappy home life– his parents had a dysfunctional arranged marriage, with frequent outbursts of violence. Joseph Rubenstein was rumored to be a heavy drinker who assaulted his wife regularly and Fanny, in turn, took her discontent out on her children, who were all subjected to physical and emotional abuse.

Fanny’s fits of violence grew more alarming until she was institutionalized in 1921, when Ruby was ten. As a result, Ruby was only able to live with his mother intermittently when she was not committed. However, by 1923, the situation had worsened enough for Ruby and his siblings to be removed from the Rubensteins’ care by court order and placed in foster homes.

During this period (and afterward), Ruby did not attend school, getting arrested for truancy at age 11. The general consensus now remains that he flunked out of third grade, despite later claiming to have completed eighth grade.

Ruby took to the streets, working with a friend to sell sports tickets, run errands for Al Capone’s associates and deliver payoff envelopes to the police. During these early episodes on the street, Ruby gained both a reputation as a fearsome fighter and the nickname ‘Sparky’ (potentially in reference to a comic-strip character or as a result of his quick temper). Ruby allegedly hated this name and attacked anyone who used it.

By 1933, the teenaged Ruby was no stranger to a life of crime and had moved to San Francisco with a group of peers to sell horse-racing tip sheets at a racetrack owned by the mob. It is conjectured that this is when he was first introduced to a marijuana-smuggling operation based out of Mexico and Los Angeles.

He moved back to Chicago in 1937, where he began working with a local branch of the Scrap Iron and Junk Handlers Union, ostensibly as a union organizer but in actuality as an enforcer. Here, he cultivated a relationship with lawyer Leon Cooke who was endeavoring to raise the minimum wage for members of the union. However, soon afterwards, Johnny Martin, a gang-affiliated hustler, attempted a hostile takeover of the union and Ruby essentially switched alliances to work with Martin instead. Cooke wound up dead, and Jack Ruby was, for a brief interval, the prime suspect in his murder. Hours after his arrest, however, he was released, and the police eventually deduced that Martin was responsible.

Although Ruby indicated a desire to take over the union, it became a local chapter of the Waste Handlers Material Union, run by a racketeer Paul Dorfman. Ruby continued to work with Dorfman for a few months but left soon afterward to work with Ben Zuckerman, a noted gambler and bookie.

Zuckerman and his associates were killed by mob associates, who Ruby (according to his own records) ran afoul of. Other reports indicate, however, that he was approached to work for the mob in Texas. Whatever the reason, Ruby left Chicago in 1947 to work with his sister Eva and help run her nightclub, the ‘Singapore Super’. Around this time, Ruby and his siblings officially changed their surname from Rubenstein to Ruby, stating that ‘Rubenstein’ was too long and they were already well known by the Ruby name.

Ruby bought his sister’s club soon and renamed it ‘The Silver Spur’, and thus began his operations in Dallas. Although he was noted as the manager of strip clubs and nightclubs, reports from 1949 indicate that Ruby was a ‘syndicate lieutenant’ sent to Dallas as a ‘liaison for Chicago mobsters’ and that he was in charge of payoffs for the Dallas police force.

The fedora Ruby was wearing as he assassinated Oswald fetched $53,775 at an auction in Dallas in 2009.

An acquaintance claims that Ruby told him that he had been injected with cancer cells.