Ike Clanton

Ike Clanton was born in 1847 in Callaway County, Missouri to parents Newman Haynes Clanton or Old Man Clanton and Mariah Sexton Clanton, née Kelso. He had three brothers and two sisters. His mother died in 1866.

Clanton joined his family as they relocated to Tombstone in about 1877. His father, also a significant figure in the history of American Wild West, held various jobs, including that of a day labourer, gold miner, and farmer. By the end of the 1870s, Newman had emerged as a prominent cattle rancher.

The Clanton ranch was located at Lewis Springs, a picturesque place about 12 miles away from Tombstone. Ike, who previously had owned a small lunch counter at the Tombstone Mill site, was working alongside his brothers at the ranch by 1881. That year, a tragedy occurred in the family. On 13 August, Old Man Clanton perished after being ambushed with several members of his posse by Mexican Rurales in what came to be known as the Guadalupe Canyon Massacre.

The ranch gradually turned into a very successful enterprise and the Clantons became affluent and powerful members of the town’s community. Their income was further augmented by illegal cattle rustling. Known collectively as ‘The Cowboys’, the Clantons and their ranch hands garnered a reputation for reckless behaviour. Besides cattle rustling from across the U.S.–Mexico border, they allegedly committed banditry and murder.

Ike Clanton and his associates, namely "Curly Bill" Brocius, Johnny Ringo, and the McLaury brothers, soon found themselves in conflict with Wyatt, Virgil, Morgan Earp and Holliday. The Earps had moved to Tombstone in the 1870s when there was a silver boom going on in the town. All three brothers held various positions at law-enforcement and often were threatened with violence by The Cowboys.

The Earps, within a couple of years of their arrival, had become remarkably influential in the boomtown and competed with the Clantons for political, legal, and economic power. The animosity was on a personal level as well, as both families truly disliked the other. In the November 1880 election, the Cowboys stood behind the incumbent Sheriff Charles Shibell, while the Earps were vocal in their support for his main opponent, Bob Paul.

Clanton’s personal reputation left much to be desired. He was known to regularly boast in public, as well as drink and gamble heavily. Moreover, he had a bad temper and often got into trouble for talking too much.

After Wyatt Earp arrived in Tombstone in 1879, he had a horse stolen by the Clantons in November. About a year later, he and Holliday rode to Charleston, near the Clanton ranch, to retrieve the animal. Later, in a court testimony, Earp revealed that 18-year-old Billy Clanton, Ike’s younger brother, met him and spoke to him insolently, asking if he had any other horse to “lose”. However, he did give the horse back to Earp without even seeing the ownership papers, making it clear to Earp that Billy knew whose horse it really was.

According to Sheriff Johnny Behan, who was a close ally of the Clantons, the incident made Ike furious. It had the same effect on Earp as well. He had lost the election for the position of undersheriff to Behan and feared that he would lose the next Cochise County election to him too.

Ike Clanton also came close to duelling Holliday on October 25, 1881, after he spread rumours that Holliday and the Earps had been involved in the Benson stagecoach robbery. Virgil put a stop to this one as well. Clanton was arrested for entering into the town armed on 26 October and was brought before Judge Wallace who fined him $25 plus court costs. His guns, which were earlier confiscated, were later returned to him.

Within the next few hours, Tom and Frank McLaury and Billy Clanton arrived in Tombstone. They were all armed. Tom was pistol-whipped by Wyatt, and when Frank and Billy learned that their respective brothers had been abused by the Earps, they became enraged. Several witness informed the Earps that Frank and Billy had been seen buying cartridges. Ike enlisted Billy Claiborne, a fellow Cowboy who had garnered a reputation as a gunfighter.

The gunfight took place at about 3:00 pm, and despite its name, not within or next to the O.K. Corral. In reality, it happened in a narrow lot on the side of C. S. Fly’s photographic studio on Fremont Street, which was six doors west of the O.K. Corral’s back entrance.

When the shooting began, Claiborne, who didn’t have his weapons with him, ran off immediately. And Ike drove at Wyatt’s feet, claiming that he was unarmed as well. Wyatt famously replied, “"Go to fighting or get away!" Ike got up and ran into Fly’s place and hid there until the gunfire stopped. Billy, Tom, and Frank were killed in the incident.

Despite having been shown clemency, witnesses stated that Clanton kept threatening the Earps and Holliday. He later unsuccessfully brought murder charges against the Earps and Holliday. During the trial, he unwittingly helped the defence’s case with his inconsistent testimonies. Subsequently, the lawmen were cleared of all charges.