Herta Müller

While still living in Romania Herta Müller married novelist Richard Wagner. The couple left Romania in 1987 and settled in West Berlin. Later they separated in 1990.

Müller met her second husband, Harry Merkle, in 1988. The couple got married after the annulment of her first marriage. They now live in Berlin.

Herta Müller was born on August 17, 1953 in Nițchidorf, a German speaking commune in Timiș County in the Banat region of Southern Romania. Her family belonged to a German speaking minority group.

Herta had very troubled family background. Her father was a field laborer and an alcoholic. During Second World War, he had volunteered for Hitler's Waffen-SS. Later he was arrested and spent some time as prisoner of war In England. On his release, he earned his living by driving trucks.

On the other hand, Herta’s mother was one of those 10,000 German speaking minority who were deported to the forced labour camps in Soviet Union, in 1945. She was around seventeen years old then and had a harrowing time until her release in 1950. Born in 1953, Herta remembers her mother old and broken.

As she was growing up, Herta found it hard to accept that his father was a member of SS and often charged him for his involvements. Neither could she accept that her mother and many other women and children were forcefully sent to the Soviet labor camp without any fault.

Herta finished her schooling from Nikolaus Lenau High School, a German language high school, located in Timişoara and graduated from there in 1973. Although her mother tongue was German, she also leant Romanian language at this school.

Herta Müller made her debut in the world of literature in 1982 with the publication of her first book, ‘Niederungen ‘(Nadirs). It is mainly a collection of autobiographical short stories, centered on rural Romania. Through these stories she portrayed the country’s oppressive atmosphere during the mid-twentieth century.

However, the original book, published in Romania, was highly censored. Undaunted, she managed to have one of the original copies smuggled to Germany. In 1984, an abridged, but uncensored version of the book was published from Germany and overnight she became a celebrated writer.

Also in 1984, she had her second book ‘Drückender Tango’ (Oppressive Tango) published in Romania. This book depicts a small German speaking village similar to her village and speaks about the corruption, intolerance and repression to be found there.

Since these books spoke against the dictatorial regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu, Müller was banned from publishing any more books in Romania. Moreover, she was continuously spied upon, persecuted and threatened. Therefore, in 1985, she and her husband, novelist Richard Wagner, decided to emigrate, but were denied permission.

In 1986, while she was still in Romania her third book, ‘Der Mensch ist ein großer Fasan auf der Wel was published from West Berlin. The same book was later published in English as ‘The Passport, Serpent's Tail’ in 1989.

‘Herztier’ (The Land of Green Plums), published in 1994 by Rowohlt Verlag, is perhaps her most well-known work. The story describes the life of German speaking minority under Romania’s Soviet imposed communist rule. The book has been translated first in Dutch and then in English. In 1998, the book received International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award.

’Atemschaukel’ (The Hunger Angel), published in 2009, is another of her major works. It is a 304 pages prose poem, which was translated into English and 2012. It also depicts the persecution of German minority in Romania under communist regime.

‘Reisende auf einem Bein’ (Traveling on One Leg) published in 1989; ‘Der Fuchs war damals schon der Jäger’ (Already Back Then, the Fox Was the Hunter) published in 1992 and ‘Heute wär ich mir lieber nicht begegnet (The Appointment), published in 1997 etc are some of her other important works.