Charlotte Perkins Gilman

In 1894, she divorced her husband and she moved with her daughter to Pasadena, California. She later sent Katharine to live with her father and his second wife.

She became romantically involved with her first cousin, Houghton Gilman after spending a substantial amount of time with him and described their relationship as ‘pleasurable’. She married him in 1900 and the marriage continued till Houghton’s death in 1934.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born to Mary and Frederic Beecher Perkins in Hartford, Connecticut. She had a brother, Thomas Adie, who was only a year older to her.

She had a very difficult childhood as her father abandoned her mother, leaving them in a penniless state. She taught herself to read at the age of 5 and she spent the rest of her youth in Providence, Rhode Island.

She studied at a number of public schools and became a correspondent student of the Society to Encourage Studies at Home. However, she studied only till she was 15.

In 1878, she joined the Rhode Island School of Design and managed her finances by working as an artist of trade cards. She also became a tutor during this period and encouraged others to develop their creativeness.

She was a member of a number of feminist, reformist organizations such as ‘The Pacific Coast Woman’s Press Association’, the ‘Woman’s Alliance’, the ‘Economic Club’ and the ‘Ebell Society’.

In 1888, she published her first book, ‘Art Gems for the Home and Fireside’, which went on to establish her as a professional novelist.

In 1890, she was motivated to write fifteen essays, poems, a parable, and the short story, ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’, which was a semi-autobiography on her life and which went on to become an instant best-seller.

She gained worldwide attention with her first tome of poetry titled, ‘In This Our World’, in 1893. During this time, she also began giving lectures on Nationalism, which gave her a stable source of income.

From 1894 to 1895, she served as the editor of the magazine, ‘The Impress’, a literary tabloid that was published by the Pacific Coast Women’s Press Association.

‘The Yellow Wallpaper’, a 6,000 word short-story, semi-autobiographical account is regarded one of her greatest literary masterpieces. It was published in 1892 by ‘The New England Magazine’, which went on to become one of her most influential works illustrating the 19th century attitudes towards women. The work became so popular that it has a number of adaptations in the form of paintings, audio plays, filmsn such as ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’, music and even television shows.

She theorized and initiated ‘The Forerunner’, her own magazine in 1906, which is currently regarded as one of her greatest literary accomplishments. She wrote and edited this magazine single-handedly from 1906-1916, which included some of her greatest essays and short stories including, ‘Moving the Mountain’, ‘Herland’ and ‘The Crux’.