Bhagat Singh

Bhagat Singh’s parents tried to arrange a marriage for him but he remained steadfast in his resolve to avoid getting married as he wanted to dedicate his entire life to India’s struggle for independence.

He holds a significant position in the history of the Indian independence movement and his legend continues to inspire the youth of contemporary India. He has been the subject of numerous books, plays, and films.

The Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar Bhagat Singh Museum was opened on the 50th death anniversary of his death at his ancestral village, Khatkar Kalan.

Bhagat Singh was born in September 1907 in Banga, Jaranwala Tehsil, Lyallpur district, Punjab, British India, into a family of Punjabi Sikhs. His father and two of his uncles were members of the Ghadar Party and were actively involved in the Indian independence struggle. They were in jail at the time of Bhagat Singh’s birth due to their participation in revolutionary activities.

He received his primary education from the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic High School, an Arya Samaji institution.

Inspired by father and uncles, he grew up to be a patriotic young man and decided to dedicate his life to the independence movement. He became disillusioned with Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence and joined the Young Revolutionary Movement and began to advocate for the violent overthrow of the British Government in India.

He joined the National College in Lahore in 1923. His participation in the freedom struggle intensified during this period. He joined the Hindustan Republican Association which had prominent leaders like Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil and Shahid Ashfaqallah Khan who further kindled his patriotic fervor. The name of the organization was changed to Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) at Singh's insistence in 1928.

The British government set up the Simon Commission to report on the political situation in India in 1928. The commission did not include even a single Indian as its member and this greatly agitated the Indian leaders and led to protests across the country by Indian political parties.

The commission visited Lahore on 30 October 1928. Lala Lajpat Rai, a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement, led a silent march in protest against the Commission. The British police resorted to violence in their attempts to quell the protest.

The superintendent of police, James A. Scott, ordered a lathi charge against the protesters and Rai was grievously injured. He died a few days later on 17 November 1928 of a heart attack. His injuries were believed to have hastened his untimely death.

However when the matter of his death was raised in the British Parliament, the British Government denied any role in Rai's death. Enraged by his incident, Singh vowed to avenge Rai’s death and teamed up with other revolutionaries, Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar and Chandrashekhar Azad to make a plan to kill Scott.

The shooting was scheduled to take place on 17 December 1928. However, a case of mistaken identity ensued and the revolutionaries killed John P. Saunders instead of Scott. Saunders, an assistant superintendent of police was shot to death as he was leaving the District Police Headquarters in Lahore.

Bhagat Singh is best remembered for his role in the assassination of John Saunders, a British police officer. His original plan was to kill James A. Scott, the British officer who had ordered a lathi charge on Lala Lajpat Rai and his fellow protestors during a peaceful protest. When Rai died a few days later, Singh decided to avenge his death by killing the British officer.