Anne Boleyn

Following the coronation of her daughter as queen, Anne was venerated as a martyr. John Foxe, a contemporary English historian, holds that Anne had saved England from the evils of Roman Catholicism.

Many legends about Anne Boleyn have survived over the centuries. One is that she was secretly buried in Salle Church in Norfolk under a black slab near the tombs of her Boleyn ancestors.

Anne was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn, later Earl of Wiltshire and Earl of Ormond, and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Howard. Mary and George Boleyn, 2nd Viscount Rochford were her siblings.

In 1513, she was invited to join the schoolroom of Margaret Archduchess of Austria where her academic education covered arithmetic, family genealogy, grammar, history, reading, spelling, and writing and domestic skills.

Anne stayed with Margaret from spring 1513 till October of the following year when her father arranged for her to attend Henry VIII's sister Mary, who was about to marry Louis XII of France.

She remained in France in Queen Mary’s household and completed her study of French and developed interest in fine arts, fashion, and religious philosophy and also gained experience in the game of courtly.

In 1520, her marriage to a distant cousin, James Butler who was the heir to Ormonde title, was proposed. She was recalled to England but the proposed wedding was cancelled without a reason

Her sister Mary married William Carey and became Henry’s mistress. By the mid 1520s, Anne was attracting the attention of many men and soon Henry VIII himself fell in love with the maid.

Henry’s queen Catherine of Aragon could not bear him a son. So he petitioned for the annulment of the marriage to the pope saying that the couple was condemned in God’s eye.

Anne refused to become his mistress and after courting for six years they married in a secret ceremony. Following a lavish coronation ceremony in 1533, she gave birth to Elizabeth I, their only child.

In 1534, Henry VIII decreed his marriage to Catherine Aragon invalid on the ground that she was his sister-in-law, and broke from Rome by setting up the Church of England.

Anne Boleyn played an important role in England's global reputation even before her marriage with Henry. She established an excellent rapport with the French ambassador, Gilles de la Pommeraie.

In 1534, the Act of Succession was introduced to exclude Catherine’s daughter Mary from the succession and settled in favor of the children born from Henry’s marriage to Anne, which was proclaimed legal.